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Managing for Stakeholders: Survival, Reputation, and Success (The Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate ... | R. Edward Freeman, Jeffrey S. Harrison, ... | Quick Read - Grist for Meaningful Reflection
 
 


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 Managing for Stake...  

Managing for Stakeholders: Survival, Reputation, and Success (The Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate ...
R. Edward Freeman, Jeffrey S. Harrison, ...

Yale University Press, 2007 - 200 pages

average customer review:based on 2 reviews
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Managing for Stakeholders: Survival, Reputation, and Success, the culmination of twenty years of research, interviews, and observations in the workplace, makes a major new contribution to management thinking and practice. Current ways of thinking about business and stakeholder management usually ask the Value Allocation Question: How should we distribute the burdens and benefits of corporate activities among stakeholders? Managing for Stakeholders, however, helps leaders develop a mindset that instead asks the Value Creation Question: How can we create as much value as possible for all of our stakeholders?

 

Business is about how customers, suppliers, employees, financiers (stockholders, bondholders, banks, etc.), communities, the media, and managers interact and create value. World-renowned management scholar R. Edward Freeman and his coauthors outline ten concrete principles and seven practical techniques for managing stakeholder relationships in order to ensure a firm?s survival, reputation, and success. Managing for Stakeholders is a revolutionary book that will change not only how managers do business but also how they recognize and evaluate business opportunities that would otherwise be invisible.




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Our complex society requires corporate management to consider its context as well as its income

I really have little use for the socialists who insist they have property rights to influence, control, and even run the daily operations of private (or even publicly traded) companies. This is not only a bad idea, it is bad for society. However, this book stops short of this "social responsibility" claptrap. The idea these authors present is that society is so complex that there is no such thing as a stand alone corporation. Companies require the infrastructure that society provides, they certainly need customers, and most have vendors. Those who pay the taxes, run the companies that supply other firms, and who live in the communities where these companies work, and who work in these companies, all have an interest in how these corporations influence their lives. If a firm bulls ahead without regard to the interest of these stakeholders, they will actually create more problems for themselves.

The idea in the book is that a firm that works WITH its stakeholders actively rather than waiting until problems arise, is going to be more competitive, and contribute more net good to its shareholders and all who are affected by its work.

When anyone claims the stakeholders are equal or greater than the shareholders, you lose me. I don't think these authors are claiming that. They are just claiming that prudence dictates that the corporation has more considerations than just the net income that can be provided to the shareholders. It makes some sense.

Reviewed by Craig Matteson, Ann Arbor, MI



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Quick Read - Grist for Meaningful Reflection

Generally, I am suspicious of any book touting a stakeholder model over one grounded on shareowners. The problem is one of identification. Without a clear party in control, the CEO and board can rationalize just about any position based on balancing "stakeholder" interests.

I'm also concerned with a book on ethics sponsored by the Business Roundtable, since that organization has a long history of ill-founded opposition to shareowner interests, such as expensing stock options and proxy access. Despite these reservations, I can honestly recommend Freeman's book. The corporate form exists for more than simply maximizing shareowner wealth. A stakeholder approach is appropriate in most day-to-day decisions, and this small volume offers good advice.

Any executive or board can benefit by more thoroughly examining their corporation's community of interest. As the authors posit, companies which "find a way to create value for conflicting stakeholder interests will be the winners." Engagement often leads to value-creation. Even when it does not, a few simple cooperative steps can often diffuse what might otherwise be a damaging situation. "Unilateral action increases the risk of conflict escalation."

The book lacks ex ante rules for deriving a hierarchy of stakeholders but, instead, takes a more organic approach. More discussion of the fundamental tension between the expectation for substantive debate over disagreements with stakeholders and the reality of our common preference for social cohesion and conflict avoidance would have added value. In Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy, for example, Diana C. Mutz, reports finding that the degree of cross-cutting discussion decreases as levels of income and education increase. This helps explains why so few corporations make an adequate effort to communicate with stakeholders. Rather than limiting active engagement to the like-minded or withdrawing, Mutz argues for "weak ties" that foster loose engagement and build tolerance.

I would have also liked more of a conceptual framework. For example, readers might have benefited from a discussion of the "rights" of stakeholders using Wesley Hohfeld's fundamental legal concepts of a claim against, a liberty or privilege, an authority or power, and an immunity. Such a discussion would be helpful in framing expectations around stakeholder engagement.

While readers are warned the book is "written for executives, not for academics," and "we are in the process of creating a separate book that will contain all the academic support," this reader would have benefited from more science and a more rigorous conceptual framework. Instead, the authors appear to argue that management is still more art than science.

Still, I liked the discussions on the principles of ethical leadership and on leadership by choice, which emphasizes that people must have adequate knowledge of alternatives and at least some options before they truly engage in a genuine choice to follow. Pack the book for your next flight and you'll probably find a reasonable amount of grist for meaningful reflection.

Another useful tool for identifying at least some of your company's stakeholders is touchgraph.com. Try it out by entering the name of your company or its URL to visually portray your firm's 6 degrees of separation in cyberspace.


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